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Angle-dispersive radial X-ray diffraction measurements were conducted on α- and ϵ-Fe under nonhydrostatic stress conditions up to 30GPa and 1000K in laser heated diamond anvil cells. α-Fe (bcc) is found to develop preferred orientation compatible with observations under ambient conditions. The preferred orientation of the α-phase is inherited by the ϵ-phase (hcp) in accordance with the Burgers orientation relationship. A comparison between the observed texture in ϵ-Fe with results from polycrystal plasticity modeling suggests that the predominant deformation mechanisms are basal slip (0 0 0 1)〈 1 ̄ 2 1 ̄ 0〉 and prismatic slip {1 0 1 ̄ 0}〈 1 ̄ 2 1 ̄ 0〉 , presumably associated with minor mechanical twinning. We do not observe any evidence of slip on the {1 1 2 ̄ 2}〈1 1 2 ̄ 3〉 system that was proposed based on analogies with Cr–Ni stainless steel. Finally, we do not observe any change in preferred …