查看文章

Segmenting silicon waveguides at the subwavelength scale produce an equivalent homogenous material. The geometry of the waveguide segments provides precise control over modal confinement, effective index, dispersion and birefringence, thereby opening up new approaches to design devices with unprecedented performance. Indeed, with ever-improving lithographic technologies offering sub-100-nm patterning resolution in the silicon photonics platform, many practical devices based on subwavelength structures have been demonstrated in recent years. Subwavelength engineering has thus become an integral design tool in silicon photonics, and both fundamental understanding and novel applications are advancing rapidly. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the state of the art in this field. We first cover the basics of subwavelength structures, and discuss substrate leakage, fabrication jitter …