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The subject of this thesis is encrypted databases: systems that use novel cryptographic techniques to store and efficiently query encrypted data. Motivated by the increasing frequency and severity of harmful data breaches, encrypted databases keep data encrypted at all times, ensuring that it is unavailable even to an attacker that compromises the database system’s security. To keep queries efficient, encrypted databases must leak some information about the underlying plaintext data and queries. The leakage and its impact on security differs depending on the way the system is compromised.