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Social policy began life as something of a poor cousin to the more fundamental economic aims of the European Community. Despite substantial growth at the European level, social policy remains a central component of domestic politics, and conceptions and systems of social protection vary meaningfully across European Union (EU) member states. We outline the Europeanization of one of the central pillars of EU social policy, gender equality, and assess its impact on domestic structures in France and the United Kingdom. The chapter proceeds in five parts. The first section describes the Europeanization of gender equality policy and operationalizes the abstract concepts laid out in the introduction. The second section sets forth the logic of our case selection and offers a comparative assessment of the French and British cases. The third and fourth sections consist of case studies assessing the degree and nature of …