作者
Alexander Arriola, Simon Gross, Nemanja Jovanovic, Ned Charles, Peter G Tuthill, Santiago M Olaizola, Alexander Fuerbach, Michael J Withford
发表日期
2013/2/11
期刊
Optics express
卷号
21
期号
3
页码范围
2978-2986
出版商
Optica Publishing Group
简介
We present a novel method to fabricate low bend loss femtosecond-laser written waveguides that exploits the differential thermal stabilities of laser induced refractive index modifications. The technique consists of a two-step process; the first involves fabricating large multimode waveguides, while the second step consists of a thermal post-annealing process, which erases the outer ring of the refractive index profile, enabling single mode operation in the C-band. By using this procedure we report waveguides with sharp bends (down to 16.6 mm radius) and high (80%) normalized throughputs. This procedure was used to fabricate an efficient 3D, photonic device known as a “pupil-remapper” with negligible bend losses for the first time. The process will also allow for complex chips, based on 10's - 100's of waveguides to be realized in a compact foot print with short fabrication times.
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A Arriola, S Gross, N Jovanovic, N Charles, PG Tuthill… - Optics express, 2013