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Objective.

Oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are essential causes of cervical cancer. Screening prevents cancer by detecting precancerous lesions (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN). Our aim was to assess the annual number of Pap smears and CIN diagnoses in Spain and to estimate associated management costs.

Materials and Methods.

A 1-year retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 65 gynecologists from public primary health care centers in 6 autonomous regions in Spain. We documented the total number of Pap smears performed and the management of women with CIN. Data on health care resource use related to CIN management for 2 years after diagnosis were collected and combined with unit costs to assess the mean cost per patient. We extrapolated to the general female Spanish population to estimate the total cost of screening and CIN management from the third …