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Translocation of microbiome‐derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the bloodstream (metabolic endotoxaemia) is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); however, the direction of this association is not fully understood. It has been revealed by some studies that alterations in the intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) lead to increased intestinal permeability and translocation of LPS to the blood circulation. LPS may trigger toll‐like receptor 4‐ (TLR‐4) mediated inflammatory responses; this could lead to a chronic low‐grade pro‐inflammatory condition named metabolic endotoxaemia (ME), which is typically observed in CVD patients. ME is promoted by increased intestinal permeability. Moreover, dysbiosis leads to production of trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO), a gut bacterial metabolite suggested as a new risk factor in CVD development. Probiotics, extensively reviewed for decades …