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A novel multiple-input and multiple-output transmission scheme termed as space-time block coded quadrature spatial modulation (STBC-QSM) is proposed. It amalgamates the concept of quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) and space-time block coding (STBC) to exploit the diversity benefits of STBC relying on sparse radio frequency chains. In the proposed STBC-QSM scheme, the conventional constellation points of the STBC structure are replaced by the QSM symbols; hence, the information bits are conveyed both by the antenna indices as well as by conventional STBC blocks. Furthermore, an efficient Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) algorithm is developed for our proposed STBC-QSM system. Both our analytical and simulation results demonstrated that the proposed scheme is capable of providing considerable performance gains over the existing schemes. Moreover, the proposed BCS detector is …