查看文章

We read with great interest the review article by Hirten et al 1 on combination biologic therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and non-IBD patients. Indeed, only a third of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists will achieve remission, 2 and some of them will discontinue owing to drug intolerance. Several new non-TNF agents have been included recently in the widening medical armamentarium available for the treatment of patients with IBD, including vedolizumab, ustekinumab, and tofacitinib. Both Crohn’s disease and UC are complex and heterogeneous diseases with several molecular pathways involved in disease pathophysiology. Furthermore, extraintestinal manifestations are frequent in IBD patients. This highlights the need to consider a combination of biologics or a combination of a biological agent with a small molecule in these patients. The …