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Ultrafine particulate matter (PM) in indoor air has become a serious concern for public health. Therefore, there is a growing interest in filters that can be installed on the window frames of ordinary homes to improve the indoor air quality by natural passive ventilation without using expensive forced air circulation systems. Thus, these filters require a high filtering efficiency and high air permeability and visibility, which do not compromise the original functionality of the windows. The filters developed for this purpose to date have demonstrated a high filtering efficiency for PM_2.5 but a relatively low efficiency for PM_1.0. Here, the performance of the ultrathin poly[(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (PVDF‐TrFE) nanofiber air filter capable of high‐efficiency PM_1.0 filtration is reported. To enhance the PM_1.0 filtering efficiency, the filter is electrically activated by the polarization of dipoles and triboelectrification using the …