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Early identification of today’s emerging technologies is key for the design of new policies by policymakers, who need to be made aware of potentially disrupting technologies or scientific development as early as possible to develop well-fitted policies that secure both a stable business environment for industrial actors and a safe and secure society for citizens to live in.

This report is the third annual report on weak signals in technology and science published by the Joint Research Centre and presents a list of 93 weak signals in 2021. These early signs of emerging technologies or products were detected using text mining, clustering techniques and scientometric indicators applied on a corpus of peer-reviewed scientific publications (Scopus).