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Agricultural irrigation accounts for the largest proportion of freshwater use worldwide, and canal automation potentially improves conveyance efficiency in irrigation canal systems. In this paper, model predictive control (MPC) for a cascaded irrigation canal system was formulated using the integrator-delay model. Magnitude and variation amplitude constraints on input and output imposed on the canal operation were identified along with proposed handling methods, and optimal control actions were achieved by quadratic objective function optimization. The MPC, as well as classical proportional-integral (PI) and centralized linear quadratic (LQ) for comparison, were developed for the Changma South Irrigation District cascaded irrigation canals in Gansu Province (China) and numerically tested via SOBEK software. In contrast to the poor performance of PI and LQ in controlling the studied canal, the results show that …