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The Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) has become the biggest military challenge for China in the twenty-first century. For Chinese political and military leaders, the RMA represents a new type of war of mass destruction, a new military theory, and a new historical phase of human development characterized by the endless innovation of high technology. The RMA is regarded as the major arena of great power competition that will decide China’s position in the world over the next 20 years.¹ Jiang Zemin, China’s outgoing commander-in-chief, defined the RMA as the product of a world economy moving from the industrial age into the information technology (IT) age. To advance with the times (Yushi jiujin), a famous political slogan of Jiang’s, China has to revise its goal of national defense from seeking mechanization to hardware modernization and informatization xinxihua.² This constitutes the RMA with …