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The research of external fingerprint collected by total internal reflection (TIR) has been carried out for decades and the research of internal fingerprint collected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) has just begun. The internal fingerprint can be hardly affected by the finger surface status, due to its strong antiinterference and antispoofing ability, which can serve as a powerful supplement to external fingerprint. However, matching fingerprints acquired in different ways can lead to a drop in fingerprint recognition accuracy due to the differences in fingerprint quality, distortions, and detection areas. Whether the internal fingerprint can be used to replace the external fingerprint for direct identification has been hampered by lacking comparison tools to study potential correlation with each other. To study the connection between internal and external fingerprints, a synchronous acquisition system that achieves the same …