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Methods: This multicenter, individually randomized, controlled trial in five hospitals in Amsterdam region included patients, aged≥ 55 years, who were at risk of malnutrition. The intervention consisted of intensive dietetic care during hospitalization and up until three months post-discharge that included transmural guidance by trained dietitians, supportive materials on protein intake in a social context and a mobilization program. The control group received regular care and were followed-up over the same period of time. Multilevel analyses were used to assess change in physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery) from hospital admission to three months post-discharge. Secondary outcomes included changes in protein intake, muscle mass, strength and quality of life.

Results: Of the 2641 patients screened, 50% were at risk of malnutrition of which 76 patients were included in the trial (mean age 71 …