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The use of an ammonia-fed solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is the most efficient method of generating power. In terms of CO₂ emission, ammonia is a good indirect hydrogen storage material because it does not contain carbon and therefore will not release CO₂ when used as fuel in a fuel cell or gas turbine. Using ammonia like hydrogen directly in a fuel-cell system provides high power density. Compared with other fuel cells, the ammonia-fed SOFC has many advantages. The availability of NH₃ is one of the main reasons for the high output.

This paper presents a comparative study of the working principles, analyses, applications, advantages and disadvantages of various technologies available for ammonia fuel cells. The aim of the paper is to review and describe the suitability of ammonia as a fuel for the next generation of fuel cells, including direct ammonia-fed SOFCs, the development of different types of fuel cells …