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Nowadays, growing quantities of product models are created in industries. Usually, these models contain abundant design knowledge, either explicit or implicit, in various disciplines. As an approach to taking full advantage of the design knowledge embedded, model reuse plays an increasingly important part in complex product design and innovative design, in which enormous time and cost can be saved. While model retrieval is a natural and promising way to help designers find the right models for quick and accurate reuse, the retrieval technology for assemblies is yet to reach maturity since the previous text-based or low-level content-based assembly retrieval could not fully support the needs of users. In this paper, a new assembly retrieval approach is presented, based on which, users can input flexible queries, either rough or precise, to retrieve efficiently the whole or partial assemblies they want from the …