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After performing a content review of six commonly used Strategic Performance Measurement System (SPMS) methodologies (Benchmarking, Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, Balanced Scorecard, Six Sigma, Performance Prism, and Quantitative Models for Performance Measurement System), this paper (based on the theory of Convergent Evolution) reviews them for commonalities and differences. An overall SPMS goal/intent is inferred from a review the evolution of the examined SPMSs, their common methodologies and common outputs. It was found that, even though the SPMSs evolved from differing perspectives, each evolved (to serve their organization’s needs)—to become strategic performance management systems. SPMSs optimize strategic risk via a structured means to diagnose, communicate, monitor, and control so as to strategically manage people and resources via accountability …