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Benefit of COVID-19 vaccines is limited by need for freezing, high cost, requirement for multiple boosters, and waning immunity. An unmet need for safe and effective vaccines that can be quickly deployed worldwide during a pandemic exists. A barrier to developing scalable low-cost vaccines is the restricted access to vaccine- or adjuvant-formulations due to protection by intellectual property rights. This limits research to understand their mechanism of action and potential applicability towards vulnerable populations or emerging pathogens.

We studied cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of adjuvant formulations developed for global open access in 4 distinct but complementary in vitro platforms that are human, age-specific, and enable the same individual to serve as control and test condition; generating data on adjuvant-induced responses in …