查看文章

Risk terrain modeling (RTM) is an approach to risk assessment in which separate map layers representing the influence and intensity of a crime risk factor at every place throughout a geography is created in a geographic information system (GIS). Then all map layers are combined to produce a composite “risk terrain” map with values that account for all risk factors at every place throughout the geography. RTM builds upon principles of hotspot mapping, environmental criminology, and problem-oriented policing to produce maps that show where conditions are ideal or conducive for crimes to occur in the future given the existing environmental contexts. It offers a new and statistically valid way to articulate and communicate crime-prone areas at the micro-level according to the spatial influence of criminogenic features. The Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) Manual (free eBook at www. riskterrainmodeling. com) presented the theoretical framework and complete steps of RTM, as summarized below. The Risk Terrain Modeling Compendium presents concepts and techniques for improving and applying risk terrain models that were not already discussed at length in the RTM Manual. Part 1 offers an overview of risk terrain modeling, explains the origin of its development, and discusses the important concept of" operationalizing spatial influence". Part 2 is a series of literature reviews with risk factors that are known to be related to a variety of crime types. The literature reviews follow a standard format: They begin with an operational definition of the crime under study, continue with an annotated list of empirically-supported risk factors for crime, and then …