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Nowadays, vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) attract lots of attention due to their significant impact on controlling traffic and reducing road accidents. One of the major issues in VANETs is to satisfy their security requirements. Authentication and privacy preservation are the most important security requirements in VANETs. The SPACF scheme claims that efficiently meets these requirements. This scheme is software-based and does not depend heavily on tamper-proof hardware devices. A security and efficiency analysis of the SPACF scheme has been provided in this paper. Briefly, this scheme is vulnerable to replay attacks in the initial handshake phase. Moreover, the SPACF makes use of timestamps to provide freshness of message in the signing phase. It requires the strong assumption that all vehicles and road-side units are synchronized. It has been shown that the way authentication and privacy …