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Integrally Stiffened Panels (ISP) structures are composed of a base plate and one (or several) longitudinal stiffness sections of simple or complex shape. When compared to conventional reinforced structures, they present an integral profile, as the stiffened panel is obtained as a whole by means of an extrusion process. The choice of a ISP profile can lead to a more robust and defects-free solution, simultaneously maintaining the possibility to adopt complex reinforcement shapes. In the present work, three algorithms are studied and compared in the cross-section optimization of Integrally Stiffened Panels for aeronautical applications: (i) the classical Levenberg–Marquardt, (ii) the Simulated Annealing methodology, and a recently proposed approach involving (iii) a differential/nature-based algorithm called Hybrid Differential Evolution Particle Swarm Optimization (HDEPSO). Numerical simulation models are …