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The growing popularity of the World Wide Web has led to the advent of Internet data centers that host third-party web applications and services. In such data centers, the application owner rents server resources, and in return, the application is provided guarantees on resource availability and performance. To provide such guarantees, the data center must provision sufficient resources to meet application needs. Since web workloads are known to vary dynamically with time, dynamic resource allocation techniques are necessary to provide guarantees to web applications running on shared data centers. To address this issue, we use a system architecture that combines online measurements with prediction and resource allocation techniques. To capture the transient behavior of the application workloads, we model a server resource using a time-domain description of a generalized processor sharing (GPS) server …