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Automated vehicle systems (pilot assist, etc.), fully autonomous (self-driving) vehicles, and alternative transportation services (ride sharing, car sharing, etc.) are now constantly in the news. A range of technology companies, automotive manufacturers and suppliers, startups, and academic organizations are leading various technological efforts to develop the systems necessary to make transportation more responsive, accessible and ultimately safer for all consumers across generations.

With technological advancements in external sensing, path planning, vehicle control and more, innovations around autonomous and highly automated vehicle development are increasingly finding their way into consumer vehicles in the form of active safety, driver assistance systems, and limited automated driving features. One of the primary obstacles confronting the adoption of automated driving is the very definition of what constitutes “an automated system.” For example, one can conceivably place automated transmissions into the definition of a core technology that automated a major component of vehicle operations, freeing the driver to do other things instead of paying attention to shifting. The National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA)(NHTSA, 2013) has proposed a set of operational definitions for vehicle automation, and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)(SAE, 2014) put forth an expanded set. While these definitions detail different levels of automation, they largely