作者
Per Olof Arnäs, M Blinge, S Bäckström, Å Furnander, K Hovelius
发表日期
1997
期刊
MEDDELANDE
期号
95
简介
The aim with this report is to present a life cycle assessment on motor fuels up to and including the inventory phase, based on Swedish conditions and on best available technology and the latest research findings in the area. The fuel alternatives analysed are ethanol, methanol, biogas, RME, DME, CNG, LPG, petrol, diesel oil and different kinds of fuel mix of ethanol, methanol, MTBE and ETBE in petrol. The method used is the Energy Logistic Model, developed at the Department for Transportation and Logistics. The analysis shows that the largest differences in emissions between the fuels were found when comparing the component of fossil CO2. As for the bio-based fuels, only relatively small differences in emission levels are found when comparing the fuels, applying the same system boundaries. The differences in emissions between ethanol production and methanol/DME production are too small to conclude which of the two that shows the best environmental performance. Biogas produced from waste products shows generally the lowest figures of emissions except for CH4 when comparing the different bio based fuels. The supplies of biogas are though limited. The possibilities for lowering the harmful emissions from the use of vehicles are large. It is not be possible with present knowledge to exclude any fuel alternative for environmental reasons for the future since the difference in environmental performance, excluding fossil CO2 emissions, between the fuels is insufficient.(A)
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