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Engineering metallic materials are an essential class of materials for a variety of industrial applications due to their competitive mechanical properties, especially strength and ductility. Metallic materials with excellent mechanical properties are highly sought-after as engineering materials for various applications considering safety, environmental, and economic requirements. Thus, the development of high-performance alloys with high strength and high ductility is an unfading research topic for material scientists. The strength enhancement in metallic materials by conventional strengthening mechanisms always leads to a reduction in ductility, which is often referred to as strength-ductility trade-off. In recent decades, novel approaches to enhance strength-ductility synergy through heterogeneous microstructures, such as gradient, harmonic, lamellar, bimodal, hierarchical nanostructures, etc., have been proven to be …