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The early detection of oral cancer (OC) at the earliest stage significantly increases survival rates. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in diagnostic medicine. This study aimed to critically analyse the available evidence concerning the utility of AI in the diagnosis of OC. Special consideration was given to the diagnostic accuracy of AI and its ability to identify the early stages of OC.

From the date of inception to December 2021, 4 databases (PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and OVID) were searched. Three independent authors selected studies on the basis of strict inclusion criteria. The risk of bias and applicability were assessed using the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool. Of the 606 initial records, 17 studies with a total of 7245 patients and 69,425 images were included. Ten statistical methods were used to assess AI …