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There is robust evidence that insomnia frequently co-occurs with a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Indeed, it is estimated that 20% to 40% of individuals with mental illness experience insomnia. 1–3 Because insomnia can be associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders and/or medical illnesses, diagnostic classification systems, such as the DSM-IV-TR 4 and ICSD-2, 5 distinguish between “primary” and “secondary” insomnia. Primary insomnia is considered a freestanding condition, whereas secondary insomnia is diagnosed when the insomnia is considered subordinate to a primary condition, such as a psychiatric disorder; yet, the relationship between insomnia and a co-occurring psychiatric disorder can vary considerably across patients. Indeed, the distinction between primary and secondary insomnia has been blurred by epidemiologic research, suggesting that insomnia may predate, and predict …