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The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of andrographolide in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in mice and its underlying mechanisms. Male Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups: Normal control group, disease control group (1.5 mg silica/60 μL/mice) via oropharyngeal route, low dose (LD) group received silica + andrographolide (3 mg/kg), high dose (HD) group received silica + andrographolide (10 mg/kg), andrographolide per se group received 10 mg/kg andrographolide. Various bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and biochemical parameters, inflammatory cytokines, histology and protein expression studies were carried out. Andrographolide significantly reduced total protein concentration, albumin, accumulation of inflammatory cells and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in BALF. We found that andrographolide intervention led to decreased levels of the …