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A solvent-coordinating molecular template mechanism to synthesize one-dimensional nanostructure CdS was speculated in the equation below. The solvent molecule ethylenediamine plays an important role in controlling nucleation and growth of the CdS nanorod. As a bidentate ligand, the ethylenediamine molecule may react with cadmium to form relatively stable complexes. Under appropriate solvothermal conditions (above 120 °C) the complexes are unstable and may be connected by sulfur to form one-dimensional CdS nanorods.