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Research on gender differences in productivity rarely includes scientists outside of academia, or focuses on outcomes beyond scholarly publications. This research employs a two-part research methodology to address the extent to which discipline and employment sector disparities exist in men’s and women’s propensity to engage in publishing and patenting behavior. I first use loglinear modeling to address the publishing and patenting activities of scientists working in three disciplines (life sciences, physical sciences, and engineering) and three employment sectors (four-year universities, government, and industry). Results suggest that sex differences in involvement in dissemination activities cannot be attributed solely to the structural locations and organizations where women are located. Furthermore, some settings are more gender-equal than others. In contrast to academia, industrial settings in the life settings demonstrate no differences between men and women in the likelihood of patenting and publishing. I explore this latter finding using patenting collaboration networks of US life scientists across a period of two decades. Network visualizations suggest that the structure of productivity mimics the structure of science across industry and academia, and as such have important implications for the nature of sex disparities in these work settings. I discuss these results and provide suggestions for future research.