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The eutrophication of the coastal waters of Zhejiang Province has become one of the main contamination threats to the region's coastal marine ecosystems. Accordingly, the comprehensive characterization of the eutrophication status in terms of improved quantitative methods is valuable for local risk assessment and policy making. A novelty of this work is that the spatial distributions of chemical oxygen demand, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and dissolved inorganic phosphorus were estimated across space by the Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) method. The BME estimates were found to have the best cross‐validation performance compared to ordinary kriging and inverse distance weighted techniques. Based on the BME maps, it was found that about 25.95%, 19.18%, 20.53%, and 34.34% of these coastal waters were oligotrophic, mesotrophic, eutrophic, and hypereutrophic. Another novelty of the present work …