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Extracting parameters and constructing high-precision models of photovoltaic modules through actual current-voltage data is required for simulation, control, and optimization of a photovoltaic system. Because of the application of such problems, the identification of unknown parameters accurately and reliably remains a challenging task. In this paper, we propose an enhanced Harris Hawks Optimization (EHHO), which combines orthogonal learning (OL) and general opposition-based learning (GOBL), to estimate the parameters of solar cells and photovoltaic modules effectively and accurately. In EHHO, OL helps to improve the speed of the HHO method and the accuracy of the solution. At the same time, the GOBL mechanism can increase both diversity of the population and the HHO’s exploitation performance. In addition, these two mechanisms defend the equilibrium between the exploitation and exploration …