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Building codes are currently taking various measures to address design issues associated with the potential explosion loading that may occur naturally or as a result of any terrorist attack. This led to an increased in trying to understand the structural response under blast loads and adapting existing and new mitigation techniques. During the last decade's efforts have been made to develop methods of analysis and structural design to resist explosion loads, and this needs a detailed to understanding of explosion phenomena and the dynamic response of different structural elements. Recently, blast loading has become more popular in the field of structural engineering, and therefore blast resistance analyzes and designs have been developed. The analysis of structures subject to blast load is the first step in design, and this requires a good understanding of blast phenomena and the structures' subsequent dynamic responses. The current study aims to provide an overview of the effects of blast loads on building structures. Also, some information of the explosion's nature, the blast wave’s mechanism and its mitigations has been indicated. This information is useful for the sustainable design of different structural systems against blast loads. Thus, the sustainable design of the structures can be made more environmentally friendly.