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In recent years, traffic safety researchers have attempted to separate single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes when analyzing crash severity, considering the significant differences in the mechanism of occurrence of the two crash types. However, regardless of the number of vehicles involved in a crash, the severity of a crash is defined by the most severe injury outcome sustained by the occupants, not vehicles. Thus, this study evaluated a need for conducting a separate severity analysis for crashes involving a single occupant (SO) and multiple occupants (MO). Ten-year data (2009–2018) of crashes that involved a collision between a single vehicle and a train at the highway-rail grade crossings (HRGCs) across the United States was used as a case study. Crashes were grouped based on occupancy level; that is, crashes involving SO were separated from the ones involving MO. As expected, MO crashes had …