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In the new frontier of energy, biofuels will play an important role in overcoming our dependence on fossil fuels and its associated environmental impacts. In the biofuels sector, the exploitation of microalgal biomass has the potential to be beneficial, as they do not compete on land use with food crops and their cultivation systems can be designed to have a lower water footprint. Even though a number of LCAs (Life Cycle Assessment) involving biofuel production from microalgae have been reported, few of them have focused on the use of by-product streams in algal biomass production, such as wastewater or waste CO₂ recovered from flue gas, which could further reduce the environmental impact of the recovered biofuels, and none have considered a combination of different by-product streams. In this paper, an LCA is applied to compare 6 alternative scenarios, where the potential environmental benefits achievable …