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In this chapter we will describe several approaches to develop video analysis and segmentation systems based on visual sensor networks using computational intelligence. We review the types of problems and algorithms used, and how computational intelligence paradigms can help to build competitive solutions. computational intelligence is used here from an “engineering” point of view: the designer is provided with tools which can help in designing or refining solutions to cope with real-world problems. This implies having an “a priori” knowledge of the domain (always imprecise and incomplete) to be reflected in the design, but without accurate mathematical models to apply. The methods used operate at a higher level of abstraction to include the domain knowledge, usually complemented with sets of pre-compiled examples and evaluation metrics to carry out an “inductive” generalization process.