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The way I started my industrial career is virtually unheard of today. I earned my PhD in solid-state physics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1982 and was hired directly by the Ford Scientific Research Laboratory in Dearborn, Michigan. The early 1980s marked the end of the era of great industrial research labs whose departments bore academic names. Through them, corporations sought to “own” the R&D pipeline from fundamental discovery to product execution. 1