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The formation of the ω phase in the presence of simultaneous development of compositional modulations (or phase separation) within the body-centered cubic β matrix phase of a Ti–10V–6Cu (wt.%) alloy during continuous cooling has been investigated using a combination of transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. While a water quench from the high-temperature β phase field allows apparently athermal formation of ω domains without any significant partitioning of solute or modulation in matrix composition, subsequent annealing at 500°C for just 60s leads to unusually rapid growth of the ω domains concurrent with, but apparently independent of, a slower development of finer-scale modulations in solute composition occurring apparently uniformly across both ω and β phases. In contrast, on slower air cooling from the solution treatment temperature, there are pronounced compositional …