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The main aim of this study is to investigate the combined effect of different operating parameters like adsorbent dose, initial Cr⁶⁺ concentration and pH on the removal of Cr⁶⁺ from aqueous solution using neem bark powder (NBP). A series of batch experiments were performed to find out the adsorption isotherms and kinetic behaviour of Cr⁶⁺ in the aqueous solution. The adsorption process was examined with three independent variables viz. NBP dosage, initial Cr⁶⁺ concentrations and pH. Seventeen batch experiments designed by Box–Behnken using response surface methodology were carried out, and the adsorption efficiency was modelled using polynomial equation as the function of the independent variables. Based on the uptake capacity and economic use of adsorbent, the independent variables were optimized by two procedures. The desirability of first and second optimization procedures were …