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Toward cancer research, the already explored techniques such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have provided significant impetus to the field of anticancer therapeutics. However, the merger of material chemistry and biomedicine has been providing more intelligent, selective, and specific recognition through nanobots or drug nanocarriers techniques which are increasingly important for imaging, sensing, and delivery. The above technologies minimize drug exposure to nontarget tissues to avoid drugs’ side effects. The techniques generally involve the functionalization of the nanoparticles (NPs) for enhanced applications such as radioprotection, antiinflammation, immune activation, therapeutic function, etc. Functionalization of the NPs is in coherence with the architect system such as polymer, surfactant, organic- or bio-molecules, lipids, micelles, dendrimers, polymeric conjugates, solid-lipid NPs, and …