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Intensive Care Unit (ICU) or emergency care patients, exposed to traumatic events, are at increased risk for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) development. Commonly used sedative/anesthetic agents can interfere with the mechanisms of memory formation, exacerbating or attenuating the memory for the traumatic event, and subsequently promote or reduce the risk of PTSD development. Here, we evaluated the effects of ketamine, dexmedetomidine and propofol on fear memory consolidation and subsequent cognitive and emotional alterations related to traumatic stress exposure. Immediately following an inhibitory avoidance training, rats were intraperitoneally injected with ketamine (100–125 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (0.3-0.4 mg/kg) or their vehicle and tested for 48 h memory retention. Furthermore, the effects of ketamine (125 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (0.4 mg/kg), propofol (300 mg/kg) or their vehicle on …