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Methods:

Infants aged 6–12 weeks were enrolled. This included HIV-uninfected infants born to HIV-uninfected (HUU) and HIV-infected mothers (HEU). Additionally, we enrolled perinatal HIV-infected infants with CD4% equal or greater than 25% randomized to deferred-ART until clinically or immunologically indicated (Group-3) or immediate-ART initiation (Group-4). Group-4 was further randomized to interrupt ART at 1 year (Group-4a) or 2 years of age (Group-4b). Additionally, a convenience sample of HIV-infected infants with CD4+ less than 25% initiated on immediate-ART was enrolled (Group-5). Measles immunoglobulin-G antibodies were quantified by an indirect enzyme immunoassay with titers 330 mIU/ml or more considered ‘sero-protective’. The referent group was HUU-children.

Results:

The proportion with sero-protective titers at 7.3 weeks of age was higher in HUU (65.2%) compared with any HIV …