作者
Alessio Mazzoni, Laura Maggi, Manuela Capone, Michele Spinicci, Lorenzo Salvati, Maria Grazia Colao, Anna Vanni, Seble Tekle Kiros, Jessica Mencarini, Lorenzo Zammarchi, Elisabetta Mantengoli, Lorenzo Menicacci, Eleonora Caldini, Sergio Romagnani, Francesco Liotta, Alessandro Morettini, Gian Maria Rossolini, Alessandro Bartoloni, Lorenzo Cosmi, Francesco Annunziato
发表日期
2020/12
期刊
European Journal of Immunology
卷号
50
期号
12
页码范围
2013-2024
简介
The characterization of cell‐mediated and humoral adaptive immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 is fundamental to understand COVID‐19 progression and the development of immunological memory to the virus. In this study, we detected T‐cells reactive to SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins M, S, and N, as well as serum virus‐specific IgM, IgA, IgG, in nearly all SARS‐CoV‐2 infected individuals, but not in healthy donors. Virus‐reactive T cells exhibited signs of in vivo activation, as suggested by the surface expression of immune‐checkpoint molecules PD1 and TIGIT. Of note, we detected antigen‐specific adaptive immune response both in asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infected subjects. More importantly, symptomatic patients displayed a significantly higher magnitude of both cell‐mediated and humoral adaptive immune response to the virus, as compared to asymptomatic individuals. These findings suggest …
引用总数
2020202120222023202413123112