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This study discusses key characteristics and benefits of using time-domain reflectometry (TDR) systems based on the Hermitian symmetric orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (HS-OFDM) scheme for fault detection and location in power distribution networks. In this context, a system model with power line modems injecting signals and capturing reflections in a power distribution network is outlined. Next, two reflectogram processing approaches, namely digital pulse compression and channel estimation, are examined. Also, the effects of different parametrizations and multiple access schemes on the performance of the HS-OFDM-based TDR system are addressed. Numerical results confirm that HS-OFDM-based TDR systems making using of channel estimation outperforms their counterparts based on pulse compression. The frequency range for narrowband power line communication provides fair range …