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Soga et al.(2016) examined a number of continuum-based large-deformation analysis methods to simulate the complex mechanics of landslide motion. In particular, the authors highlighted the benefits of the material point method (MPM) and presented two case studies to demonstrate its capability in modelling the pre-and post-failure behaviour of landslides. Some interesting findings were obtained. The authors mentioned that further work is required for practitioners to gain confidence in adopting these numerical tools in engineering practice. The need for verification of numerical models against case studies and investigation of constitutive models was emphasised.

The discussion contributors concur with the authors’ views and agree that the use of numerical models in landslide simulation plays an important role in engineering practice, especially for quantified design of risk assessment and landslide hazard …