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Visible light communication (VLC) systems are expected to provide remarkably high speed indoor communications and effective ubiquitous connectivity. However, the key limitation of such systems is the narrow modulation bandwidth of the light sources. Based on this, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been recently proposed as an effective method that can enhance considerably the spectral efficiency of indoor downlink VLC systems. In this context, the present work is devoted to the evaluation of the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of NOMA-based VLC systems. Specifically, a novel closed-form expression is first derived for the BER of the considered set up, by also taking into account the realistically incurred cancellation errors and interference terms. The validity of the derived expressions is verified through extensive comparisons with respective results from Monte Carlo simulations, while their …