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The electrification of the United States vehicle market continues, with the most growth occurring in markets where barriers are addressed through policy, charging infrastructure, and consumer incentives. Key questions about electric vehicle market growth include how much charging infrastructure will be needed to sustain growth and whether to invest in various types of this infrastructure.

This report quantifies the gap in charging infrastructure from what was deployed through 2017 to what is needed to power more than 3 million expected electric vehicles by 2025, consistent with automaker, policy, and underlying market trends. Based on the expected growth across the 100 most populous US metropolitan areas, we estimate the amount of charging of various types that will be needed to power these vehicles. Our evaluation of charging needs is based on best available observed data on the growing electric vehicle market, charging availability, and emerging charging behavior patterns.