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Recent IT development has brought a great deal of change into intercultural and interlingual communication, resulting in many new forms of translation activities that diverge from those of conventional translation. In the current GILT (Globalization, Internationalization, Localization, and Translation) industry, the volume of text to be translated keeps rising, and translators are under pressure to meet restricted costs and tight delivery times. To maximize efficiency, many translators and translator-users have turned to computer-assisted translation technologies such as translation memory (TM) and machine translation (MT).

When TM systems are used, the act of translation is focused on ‘revising the existing translation.’Current machine translation also normally requires human editing of machine-generated target texts, so-called ‘post-editing.’Consequently, the role of translators steadily moves away from ‘translating’the source text from scratch to ‘editing’TM matches or machine translation. Hence, the translation process is changed into a series of revision-like operations where revising activities (combinations of other-revision/self-revision) are emphasized, while the traditional activity of translating from scratch is minimized.