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Stroke cachexia is associated with prolonged inflammation, muscle loss, poor prognosis, and early death of stroke patients. No particular treatment is available to cure the symptoms or disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 5-HT1a agonist, buspirone on stroke cachexia. Wistar rats were injected with endothelin-1 to the bregma region of the brain to induce ischemic stroke followed by induction of cachexia after 4 days. Treatment with buspirone (3 mg/kg p.o) was given for 4 weeks after confirmation of cachexia in animals. Disease control animals exhibited decrease in wire hanging time and increase in foot fault numbers compared to normal animals. Disease control animals also showed weight loss, decrease in food intake, increased serum glucose and lipid profile along with high serum levels of inflammatory cytokines—TNF-α, IL-6 and decrease in weight of skeletal muscle and adipose tissues …